Productivity

Last week, I described four design patterns for AI agentic workflows that I believe will drive significant progress: Reflection, Tool use, Planning and Multi-agent collaboration. Instead of having an LLM generate its final output directly, an agentic workflow prompts the LLM multiple times, giving it opportunities to build step by step to higher-quality output. Here, I'd like to discuss Reflection. It's relatively quick to implement, and I've seen it lead to surprising performance gains. You may have had the experience of prompting ChatGPT/Claude/Gemini, receiving unsatisfactory output, delivering critical feedback to help the LLM improve its response, and then getting a better response. What if you automate the step of delivering critical feedback, so the model automatically criticizes its own output and improves its response? This is the crux of Reflection. Take the task of asking an LLM to write code. We can prompt it to generate the desired code directly to carry out some task X. Then, we can prompt it to reflect on its own output, perhaps as follows: Here’s code intended for task X: [previously generated code] Check the code carefully for correctness, style, and efficiency, and give constructive criticism for how to improve it. Sometimes this causes the LLM to spot problems and come up with constructive suggestions. Next, we can prompt the LLM with context including (i) the previously generated code and (ii) the constructive feedback, and ask it to use the feedback to rewrite the code. This can lead to a better response. Repeating the criticism/rewrite process might yield further improvements. This self-reflection process allows the LLM to spot gaps and improve its output on a variety of tasks including producing code, writing text, and answering questions. And we can go beyond self-reflection by giving the LLM tools that help evaluate its output; for example, running its code through a few unit tests to check whether it generates correct results on test cases or searching the web to double-check text output. Then it can reflect on any errors it found and come up with ideas for improvement. Further, we can implement Reflection using a multi-agent framework. I've found it convenient to create two agents, one prompted to generate good outputs and the other prompted to give constructive criticism of the first agent's output. The resulting discussion between the two agents leads to improved responses. Reflection is a relatively basic type of agentic workflow, but I've been delighted by how much it improved my applications’ results. If you’re interested in learning more about reflection, I recommend: - Self-Refine: Iterative Refinement with Self-Feedback, by Madaan et al. (2023) - Reflexion: Language Agents with Verbal Reinforcement Learning, by Shinn et al. (2023) - CRITIC: Large Language Models Can Self-Correct with Tool-Interactive Critiquing, by Gou et al. (2024) [Original text: https://lnkd.in/g4bTuWtU ]

It’s simple math 🧐 I use to think that motivation was the key to monumental success. Long story short, it’s not. It’s about the little things you do every day that will take you from reasonable to slightly unreasonable to completely unreasonable progress. Your future is not defined by how motivated you are, but by your daily routines and systems. I believe in this so much that we named our company Butterfly 3ffect to reflect the value of incremental gains. we believe that that’s how the best people and brands grow. Here’s how you grow the small way: 1. Start by setting achievable goals, like reading one chapter of a book each day or going for a short walk 2. Practice gratitude by writing down three things you're thankful for every night before bed 3. Engage in daily self-reflection, even if it's just for a few minutes, to assess your thoughts and actions 4. Incorporate small acts of kindness into your daily routine, like holding the door for someone or offering a genuine compliment 5. Learn something new every day, whether it's a fun fact, a new word, or a new skill 6. Prioritise self-care by getting enough sleep, staying hydrated, and taking breaks when needed 7. Surround yourself with positive influences, whether it's uplifting books, supportive friends, or inspiring podcasts 8. Embrace failure as a learning opportunity and a stepping stone to growth 9. Stay consistent and patient, knowing that small progress over time adds up to significant improvement 10. Celebrate your achievements, no matter how small, to stay motivated and encouraged along the way.

The silent productivity killer you've never heard of... Attention Residue (and 3 strategies to fight back): The concept of "attention residue" was first identified by University of Washington business professor Dr. Sophie Leroy in 2009. The idea is quite simple: There is a cognitive cost to shifting your attention from one task to another. When our attention is shifted, there is a "residue" that remains in the brain and impairs our cognitive performance on the new task. Put differently, you may think your attention has fully shifted to the next task, but your brain has a lag—it thinks otherwise! It's relatively easy to find examples of this effect in your own life: • You get on a call but are still thinking about the prior call. • An email pops up during meeting and derails your focus. • You check your phone during a lecture and can't refocus afterwards. There are two key points worth noting here: 1. The research indicates it doesn't seem to matter whether the task switch is "macro" (i.e. moving from one major task to the next) or "micro" (i.e. pausing one major task for a quick check on some minor task). 2. The challenge is even more pronounced in a remote/hybrid world, where we're free to roam the internet, have our chat apps open, and check our phones all while appearing to be focused in a Zoom meeting. With apologies to any self-proclaimed proficient multitaskers, the research is very clear: Every single time you call upon your brain to move away from one task and toward another, you are hurting its performance—your work quality and efficiency suffer. Author Cal Newport puts it well: "If, like most, you rarely go more than 10–15 minutes without a just check, you have effectively put yourself in a persistent state of self-imposed cognitive handicap." Here are three strategies to manage attention residue and fight back: 1. Focus Work Blocks: Block time on your calendar for sprints of focused energy. Set a timer for a 45-90 minute window, close everything except the task at hand, and focus on one thing. It works wonders. 2. Take a Breather: Whenever possible, create open windows of 5-15 minutes between higher value tasks. Schedule 25-minute calls. Block those windows on your calendar. During them, take a walk or close your eyes and breathe. 3. Batch Processing: You still have to reply to messages and emails. Pick a few windows during the day when you will deeply focus on the task of processing and replying to these. Your response quality will go up from this batching, and they won't bleed into the rest of your day. Attention residue is a silent killer of your work quality and efficiency. Understanding it—and taking the steps to fight back—will have an immediate positive impact on your work and life. If you enjoyed this or learned something, share it with others and follow me Sahil Bloom for more in future! The beautiful visualization is by Roberto Ferraro.

I built an AI agent that handles my entire inbound system. (And I used to be against automation). Here's how I did it: I used two tools: --> Make: For automation workflows --> Relevance: For AI agents Here's what my AI agent handles: When someone fills our form, it- --> Analyzes their LinkedIn profile --> Reviews their website --> Checks if they match our criteria --> Makes a decision in seconds For qualified leads: --> Sends personalized pitch deck --> Books discovery calls --> Handles initial questions For non-qualified leads: --> Sends a thoughtful rejection --> Explains why we're not the right fit --> Keeps the door open for future The best part? My team and I can focus on what matters - strategy and client success - instead of spending hours on admin work. No more: -Manual lead checking -Back-and-forth emails -Calendar scheduling headaches -Just high-quality conversations with pre-qualified founders. Want to know the biggest lesson? Automation isn't about replacing the human touch. It's about creating more time for it.

Want to stay motivated every single day? Borrow a strategy from Harvard. Then borrow another from stand up comedy. Together, they’re a powerhouse for momentum, motivation, and mastery. Here’s how it works: Let’s start with Harvard. Researcher Teresa Amabile studied 12,000 daily work diaries across 8 companies. She wanted to know: What truly motivates people on a day to day basis? What she found changed how we understand drive. The #1 driver of daily motivation wasn’t: Money Praise Perks It was progress. The days people made progress on meaningful work were the days they felt the best. Progress isn’t a luxury. It’s a psychological necessity. So how do we make progress feel visible especially on days when it’s not? Use a “Progress Ritual.” → At the end of the day, pause. → Write down 3 small ways you moved forward. → That’s it. No fanfare. Just ritual. This works because we rarely notice our progress in real time. It gets buried under busyness, meetings, and mental noise. The act of looking back gives your brain the reward it needs to keep going. Momentum builds from meaning. Now let’s add some comedy. Young Jerry Seinfeld had one goal: write new material every day. To stay on track, he created a brilliant system. Each day he wrote, he put a big red X on his calendar. Soon, a chain of Xs formed. And here’s the key: Don’t break the chain. One red X becomes two. Two becomes ten. Ten becomes identity. Whether you’re writing, coding, or training Daily action + visual chain = long-term motivation. Summary: The Two-Part Motivation System From Harvard: Record 3 ways you made progress each day. From Seinfeld: Mark an X for each day you show up then don’t break the chain. Progress fuels purpose. Consistency fuels confidence. Apply both and you’ll stay on track especially on the tough days. Because when your days get better, your weeks get better. When your weeks get better, your months get better. When your months get better, your life gets better. It starts with one small win today.

McKinsey & Company shows how Danone turns operations into a growth engine. A sharp interview by Pierre de la Boulaye and Søren Fritzen with Vikram Agarwal highlights a structural shift across the FMCG industry. For decades, operations were treated as a cost center. That paradigm is changing. Leading companies now position operations as a driver of growth and competitiveness. The transformation at Danone shows how AI, digital manufacturing and advanced supply chains are reshaping the sector. Several insights stand out. 1) AI turns factories predictive Operators increasingly monitor production lines via tablets instead of control rooms. AI systems detect potential equipment failures before they occur, for example overheating motors in packaging lines. Maintenance shifts from reactive repair to predictive intervention, improving uptime and efficiency. 2) Capacity planning becomes strategic Danone distinguishes three ways to build manufacturing capacity: • Release capacity from existing assets • Transform capacity by converting underperforming lines • Create capacity through new production investments Transforming existing lines enables growth with much lower capital intensity than building new factories. 3) AI reshapes supply chains Danone uses AI models to forecast ingredient costs and supply chain dynamics across global agricultural markets. Instead of analyzing thousands of variables, systems process millions of data points. For a company managing roughly €13.7B in COGS, forecasting accuracy becomes a competitive advantage. 4) Digital manufacturing at scale Danone’s Digital Manufacturing Acceleration program already covers 80+ factories, with 40 more joining soon, across 140+ production sites globally. The ambition goes beyond Industry 4.0 toward Industry 5.0, combining machines, AI and human expertise. 5) People remain central Danone employs 47,000+ people in operations, about half of its workforce. Through its Industry 5.0 Academy, the company has already trained around 20,000 employees in digital manufacturing capabilities. Why this matters The global FMCG industry generates over $4 trillion in annual sales and operates on tight margins. Even small improvements in forecasting, manufacturing efficiency or capacity utilization can translate into billions in value creation. As demand shifts toward health, high-protein and plant-based products, supply chains must become faster and more flexible. AI-driven operations are becoming a strategic advantage. The signal for FMCG leaders is clear: Competitive advantage is increasingly built beyond brands and marketing — in operations. #operations #manufacturing #ai #digitaltransformation #foodindustry #foodtech #retailtech #innovation #procurement #datadriven #danone #france #europe #startup #investors #marketing #sales #technology #logistics

Just out in Harvard Business Review, summary of the Hybrid Experiment results and lessons on how to make hybrid succeed. Experiment: randomize 1600 graduate employees in marketing, finance, accounting and engineering at Trip.com into 5-days a week in office, or 3-days a week in office and 2-days a week WFH. Analyzed 2 years of data. Two key results A) Hybrid and fully-in-office showed no differences in productivity, performance review grade, promotion, learning or innovation. B) Hybrid had a higher satisfaction rate, and 35% lower attrition. Quit-rate reductions were largest for female employees. Four managerial lessons 1) Hybrid needs a strong performance management system so managers don’t need to hover over employees at their desks to check their progress. Trip.com had an extensive performance review process every six months. 2) Coordinate in-office days at the team or company level. Schedule clarity prevents the frustration of coming to an empty office only to participate in Zoom calls. Trip.com coordinated WFH on Wednesday and Friday. 3) Having leadership buy-in is critical (as with most management practices). Trip.com’s CEO and C-suite all support the hybrid policy. 4) A/B test new policies (as well as products) if possible. Often new policies turn out to be unexpectedly profitable. Trip.com made millions of dollars more profits from hybrid by cutting expensive turnover.

A few years ago, I was in a high stakes meeting with colleagues from Japan. I presented my points confidently, thinking I was making a great impression. But as I scanned the room, I saw blank expressions. No nods. No engagement. Just silence. I panicked. Had I said something wrong? Was my idea unconvincing? After the meeting, one of my Japanese colleagues pulled me aside and said, “Sumit, we really want to understand you, but you speak too fast.” That was my light bulb moment. For years, I assumed that mastering English and business communication was enough to build strong global relationships. But the real challenge wasn’t just the language - it was the rate of speech! Most of us don’t realize that speaking speed varies drastically across cultures. Here’s an eye-opener: ·      In India, we typically speak at 120–150 words per minute. ·      The global standard for clear communication is around 60–80 words per minute. ·      In Japan, where English is not the first language, this rate drops even further. So, what happens when we, as fast speakers, communicate with someone who is used to a much slower pace? Our words blur together. The listener struggles to process. And instead of making an impact, we create confusion. We often assume that if people don’t understand us, we need to repeat ourselves. But the truth is, we don’t need to repeat - we need to slow down, simplify, and pause. If you work in a multicultural environment, here are three things that can dramatically improve your communication: a.   Control your pace: Consciously slow down when speaking to an international audience. What feels “normal” to you might be too fast for them. b.   Use simple language: Smaller sentences. Easier words (vocabulary). c.    Pause & check for understanding: Don’t assume silence means agreement. Ask, “Does that make sense?” or “Would you like me to clarify anything?” I’ve seen professionals struggle in global roles - not because they lack expertise, but because they fail to adjust their communication style to their audience. I’ve also seen leaders who thrive across cultures, simply because they master the art of respectful, clear, and paced communication. If you want to succeed in a global workplace, rate of speech is not just a skill - it’s a strategy. Have you ever faced challenges due to differences in speaking speed? Let’s discuss. #GlobalCommunication #CrossCulturalLeadership #EffectiveCommunication #SoftSkills #CareerGrowth #WorkplaceSuccess #HR

🎡 How To Measure And Show UX Impact. With practical guidelines on how to track and articulate business impact of design work ↓ 🚫 Business rarely sees the value of UX the way designers do. ✅ To many, it shows up merely in good outcomes of A/B tests. ✅ To some, it’s reflected in satisfaction surveys (NPS, CSAT). 🤔 But most UX work goes unnoticed, and so does its impact. ✅ To change that, we can measure and report design success. ✅ Identify 10–12 representative tasks that users must do well. ✅ These tasks must reflect business priorities, get signed off. ✅ Your goal is to achieve 80%+ success rate for these tasks. ✅ Focus on task success rate and task completion times. ✅ You need before/after snapshots to explain your UX impact. ✅ Choose metrics to track impact of your UX changes. ↳ Global KPIs: success for key tasks in a customer journey. ↳ Local KPIs: success for key tasks in a single touchpoint. 🤔 Explain and report your impact with KPI trees/graphs. ✅ Show how your design KPIs reinforce business flywheels. UX work often appears to be disconnected from the heart of the business. As we tirelessly iterate on flows and features, it’s often very hard to make an argument that a design change that we've made recently had a profound impact on key business metrics. The reason for that is that, unlike other departments, we rarely have a set of widely established and regularly reported design KPIs. These KPIs are UX metrics that are tied to business metrics that they are impacting. Design KPIs https://lnkd.in/e5tWimWF Design KPI Trees https://lnkd.in/eTB3wrs9 How To Measure UX and Design Impact, by yours truly https://measure-ux.com Design KPI Graphs, by Ryan Rumsey https://lnkd.in/e5M2G-uu Business flywheels, by Timothy T Tiryaki, PhD https://lnkd.in/eJKuYu3R To visualize UX impact, we often use design KPI trees or design KPI graphs (see above). Both are different ways to visualize how design initiatives help reach business goals, and show the dependencies between them. Another way is to show UX impact within business flywheels — an artefact companies use to explain their business models. Basically they are self-reinforcing cycles of business growth, and design work typically enables these cycles to function. Study where exactly your work fits in those flywheels and attach design KPIs to them to reinforce the value that UX is driving. Surely not all design work is impactful. It depends on the audience it addresses and the value it delivers. But by measuring what matters, we can get a trackable record of the changes we enable over time — and once you shed light on it, it might change how your work is seen much faster than you think. #ux #design

How I'd fill pipeline as an AE if I started fresh today. (Send this to your Slack group) Here is my plan: 1. Find Active Buyers The secret? Focus on prospects who posted in the last 30 days. Response rates are 2x higher from active profiles. Quick setup in Sales Nav: ↳ Create saved searches by seniority ↳  Build targeted prospect lists ↳ Update lists weekly for fresh leads Smart reps look for prospects who are active. 2. Strategic Outreach     Too many people say never do a cold dm, and tell you to sit back and wait. Please don't listen to this advice. Here's what I would do: ↳ Block 1 focused hour daily ↳ Send 20-30 targeted messages ↳ Be brief, brilliant, gone Example framework: "Reason I am reaching out [specific insight] → This matters to you because [direct benefit] → Imagine [concrete result/use ask] → CTA [simple, compelling next action]" The big fat pipeline is in the outreach. 3. Smart Engagement Don't just drop "Great post!" comments. Like real talk.. please don't do this. Start real conversations instead. The framework: ↳ Find a post ↳ Share specific insights from their content ↳ Ask one thought-provoking question Now if you did 20 messages a day check the math: 400 messages/month 10% conversion rate = 40 meetings/month There are no silver bullets. This is just an example, If you stay consistent what could happen. Stay prospecting my friends. ----- P.S. Mention someone who could benefit from this strategy. P.S.S. Which step are you going to use today?