Positioning in CSS

Positioning in CSS: (pre-requisite for this topic is the DOM)

The top, right, bottom, and left properties are used to position the element.

• When values to the top,right,bottom and left properties is positive we move away.
• When values to the top,right,bottom and left properties is negative we move towards.

There are 5 different position values in CSS

1. Static

2. Relative

3. Fixed

4. Absolute

5. Sticky

1. Static: HTML elements are positioned static by default. \

• Note :They are not affected by top bottom, left and right properties

2. Relative: An element with a relative position is positioned relative to its normal position.

• Setting the top, right, bottom, and left properties of a relatively-positioned element will cause it to be adjusted away from its normal position. Other content will not be adjusted to fit into any gap left by the element.
• Elements are not moved out of the DOM

3. Fixed: An element with position: fixed; is positioned relative to the viewport, which means it always stays in the same place even if the page is scrolled. A fixed element does not leave a gap in the page where it would normally have been located.

4. Absolute: An element with position: absolute is positioned relative to the nearest positioned ancestor (instead of positioned relative to the viewport, like fixed). However; if an absolute positioned element has no positioned ancestors (will check if any of the ancestors have relative positioning, and takes the nearest parent with position relative into account), it uses the document body, and moves along with page scrolling.

• Note: Absolute positioned elements are removed from the normal flow, and can overlap elements.

5. Sticky: An element with position: sticky; is positioned based on the user's scroll position. Depending on the scroll position, a sticky element toggles between relative and fixed.

• Note: It is positioned relative until a given offset position is met in the viewport - then it "sticks" in place (like position: fixed).