Object-Oriented Methodology in programming

In Object-Oriented methodology, an algorithm and program development involves:

• Object-Oriented Analysis (OOA) #objectorientedanalysis: analyzing the subject domain, identifying objects, defining their properties and methods for object processing, and establishing relationships.
• Object-Oriented Design (OOD) #objectorienteddesign: combining the process of object decomposition with representation using data models of the designed system at logical and physical levels, both in static and dynamic contexts.
• Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) #objectorientedprogramming: programming methodology based on the representation of a program as a collection of objects, while each object is an implementation of a specific class (a type of a particular kind), and classes form a hierarchy based on principles of inheritance.

But keep calm and strap yourselves; it’s not rocket science, and you already know it. 

The term “object-oriented” has been known for a long time. The Greeks outlined that the world could be viewed in terms of both objects and events. In the 17th century, Descartes mentioned that people typically have an #objectoriented perspective on the world. In the 20th century, Rand further developed this subject in the philosophy of objectivist epistemology. Later, Minsky proposed a model of human thinking in which the human mind is considered a collection of various thinking agents (objects). 

Regarding Descartes’ “object-oriented perspective on the world,”

… it’s curious if you can find similarities in modern life to confirm this statement. Yes, usually, we think from an object-oriented perspective on the world. When you read a book, you think about its content from an object perspective, taking the entire book as an object. You don’t think about letters, sentences, or typos (if any), although these elements “build a book.” The book object consists of many tiny parts, but we consider these parts as a whole only when they form an object. In the better case, you think about the main storyline, main characters, and situations (I hope you do). The exclusion could be your work or hobby. If you’re a writer or editor, you MUST think about a book in terms of letters, words, sentences, paragraphs, etc. In this case, you should decompose a book object into tiny parts (by the way, these parts are also “objects,” and the smallest object is a letter, but who cares about this when Daenerys is murdered).

What goes on in object-oriented development methodology?

This development process paradigm considers objects.

What relation and connection do OOA, OOD, and OOP have? OOA results in models that form the basis for OOD; in turn, OOD creates the foundation for the final implementation of the system using OOP. 

Let’s apply Object-Oriented Development Methodology to the construction of a family house. Before building our dream house, we should determine the number and purpose of rooms it will consist of. After some consideration, we decided it would have a kitchen, two living rooms, one bedroom, a bathroom, a toilet, a dining room, and an entryway. Additionally, we could consider adding a basement, garage, and pool. Therefore, the collection of rooms, garage, and pool is a sketch of the dream house, where rooms, garage, and pool are objects. We have an abstract house and perform our Object-Oriented Analysis (OOA): defining what we want to see at the end (particular dream house). What happens next? Is this enough to start construction? Certainly not. First, the architect determines the layout and plan for the house. The architect also should foresee how to route the wiring, where to lay pipelines for the water supply and drain, how deep the basement should be, where to locate the pool to avoid damage to the house, etc. (try not to forget about roof design and entry direction). Then, the architect draws the house plan (OOD). Only after aligning all details and making drawings can the construction workers (programmers) start house construction using their skills, knowledge, and respective means (we’ve reached Object-Oriented Programming, OOP).....

Yes, to be continued….