I fought LeetCode 410, and the Dynamic Programming almost won. 🏳️ It was 11 PM. My coffee was cold. My confidence was lower than the stock market in 2008. I was staring at LeetCode 410: Split Array Largest Sum. If you haven't seen this problem, it looks innocent. It’s like a wolf in sheep’s clothing, except the wolf is an O(N^2⋅K) time complexity and the sheep is a "Hard" tag. The Problem: You have an array of integers (non-negative). You need to split it into k subarrays. You want to minimize the largest sum among these subarrays. My Brain (Phase 1): The Over-Engineering Phase 🤓 "Ah," I whispered to my empty room. "This is classic Dynamic Programming. I will create a 2D memoization table that tracks the index and the number of cuts remaining. I am a genius." I wrote the code. It was beautiful. It was elegant. I hit submit. LeetCode Judge: Time Limit Exceeded. My beautiful DP solution was too slow. The interviewer (in my imagination) was shaking their head. My imaginary offer letter was shredding itself. The Pivot (Phase 2): The "Wait, What?" Phase 🤨 I stared at the constraints. N is up to 1000. DP is usually fine for that... unless... Then I saw the pattern. The pattern that separates the "Coding Gods" from the "People crying into their keyboards" (me). Binary Search on Answer. "But wait!" you scream. "The array isn't sorted! You can't Binary Search an unsorted array! That’s illegal! That’s against the laws of physics!" Hold on. Put the pitchforks down. We aren't binary searching the Array. We are binary searching the Universe of Answers. 🌌 Think about it: What is the smallest possible maximum sum? It's the largest single element in the array (because you can't cut an element in half). What is the largest possible maximum sum? It's the sum of the entire array (if k=1). The answer is somewhere between max(nums) and sum(nums). Let's say the range is [10, 50]. Is the answer 30? I don't know. Let's ask a Greedy algorithm to check. "Hey Mr. Greedy, can you split this array into K parts where no part is bigger than 30?" If yes -- Great! Try 29. (Minimize it further). If no -- Too tight! Try 31. (We need more room). We just turned a nightmare DP problem into a guessing game. It’s literally the "Higher or Lower" game you played as a kid, but for securing a $200k job offer. The Takeaway: Sometimes, when you're stuck looking for the needle in the haystack (the array), stop looking at the hay. Look at the needle. If the answer space is monotonic... just binary search the answer. It feels like cheating. It feels like magic. But it works. I just recorded a video where I break this down visually so you don't have to suffer through the "DP Phase" like I did. I explain the Check Function logic in a way that even my grandma would understand (maybe). #LeetCode #SoftwareEngineering #CodingInterviews #BinarySearch #DeveloperLife #TechHumor
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In experimental electronic music making we sometimes say "limitations spark creativity". In making the new programming language "seq" it is like I was drawing cards from Brian Eno's "Oblique Strategies" and the card I drew said "make a programming language with NO VARIABLES". Seq is a strongly typed compiled computer programming language that uses the same LLVM compiler backend as C/C++ and Rust, is point-free (no named variables), stack-based (like Forth), with CSP built-in (like go's goroutines) and ADTs (like Rust's enums, Options, Results, more) and innovative compile-time safety around stack effects. #programming #creativity https://lnkd.in/gquz3ywC
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🚀 Discovering the World of Custom Programming Languages In the fascinating universe of software development, creating your own programming language represents an exciting challenge that combines creativity and deep technical expertise. Recently, I explored an article that details the step-by-step process of a developer who built their own language from scratch, inspired by the need to simplify specific tasks and experiment with innovative paradigms. 💻 The Origin and Initial Motivation It all began with the idea of solving everyday problems more efficiently. The author, motivated by curiosity and the desire to understand the fundamentals of compilers, decided to embark on this personal project. Using accessible tools like LLVM for the backend, they avoided reinventing the wheel and focused on the essentials: a simple lexer and a recursive descent parser. 🔧 Key Steps in Development - Lexer and Tokenization: The first stage involved breaking down the source code into tokens, handling basic expressions and operators with precision to avoid common errors. - Parser and Syntax Tree: Building an AST (Abstract Syntax Tree), the grammatical rules were translated into manageable data structures, allowing for quick evaluations. - Code Generation: Integrating with LLVM IR, the language generated optimized machine code, supporting primitive types and recursive functions. - Testing and Debugging: Constant iterations revealed challenges such as scope handling and garbage collection, resolved through exhaustive unit tests. This approach not only resulted in a functional language for simple scripts but also offered valuable lessons about the underlying complexity of languages like Python or C++. It's a reminder that innovation in programming arises from practical experimentation. For more information visit: https://enigmasecurity.cl #SoftwareDevelopment #ProgrammingLanguages #Compilers #TechInnovation #Programming Support Enigma Security by donating here for more technical news: https://lnkd.in/er_qUAQh Connect with me on LinkedIn to discuss more about these topics: https://lnkd.in/eXXHi_Rr 📅 Sat, 17 Jan 2026 08:22:04 GMT 🔗Subscribe to the Membership: https://lnkd.in/eh_rNRyt
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The paper introduces EnCompass, a new framework for designing and implementing LLM‑based agents that separates the description of an agent’s workflow logic from its inference‑time search strategy. Traditional agent programming often intertwines these concerns, making it hard to experiment with different execution strategies without rewriting core logic. EnCompass instead uses a programming model called probabilistic angelic nondeterminism (PAN) to cleanly decouple the two. PAN lets developers write workflows that implicitly define a space of possible execution paths; the system then performs search over these paths at inference time. This separation enables more flexible experimentation and tuning of search strategies—including tree search and other planners—without modifying the high‑level agent code. The authors implement PAN in Python within the EnCompass framework, employing a decorator‑based API that automatically compiles workflow programs into a structured search space. They demonstrate the approach on three case studies, showing that programmers can rapidly improve agent reliability or switch inference strategies with minimal additional coding. The results suggest that disentangling workflow design from search heuristics not only simplifies agent development but also makes it easier to explore diverse execution‑time techniques, potentially improving robustness and performance in complex tasks. https://lnkd.in/gERcwTMF
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🚀 Discovering the World of Custom Programming Languages In the fascinating universe of software development, creating your own programming language represents an exciting challenge that combines creativity and deep technical expertise. Recently, I explored an article that details the step-by-step process of a developer who built their own language from scratch, inspired by the need to simplify specific tasks and experiment with innovative paradigms. 💻 The Origin and Initial Motivation It all began with the idea of solving everyday problems more efficiently. The author, motivated by curiosity and the desire to understand the fundamentals of compilers, decided to embark on this personal project. Using accessible tools like LLVM for the backend, they avoided reinventing the wheel and focused on the essentials: a simple lexer and a recursive descent parser. 🔧 Key Steps in Development - Lexer and Tokenization: The first stage involved breaking down the source code into tokens, handling basic expressions and operators with precision to avoid common errors. - Parser and Syntax Tree: Building an AST (Abstract Syntax Tree), the grammatical rules were translated into manageable data structures, allowing for quick evaluations. - Code Generation: Integrating with LLVM IR, the language generated optimized machine code, supporting primitive types and recursive functions. - Testing and Debugging: Constant iterations revealed challenges such as scope handling and garbage collection, resolved through exhaustive unit tests. This approach not only resulted in a functional language for simple scripts but also offered valuable lessons about the underlying complexity of languages like Python or C++. It's a reminder that innovation in programming arises from practical experimentation. For more information visit: https://enigmasecurity.cl #SoftwareDevelopment #ProgrammingLanguages #Compilers #TechInnovation #Programming Support Enigma Security by donating here for more technical news: https://lnkd.in/evtXjJTA Connect with me on LinkedIn to discuss more about these topics: https://lnkd.in/ex7ST38j 📅 Sat, 17 Jan 2026 08:22:04 GMT 🔗Subscribe to the Membership: https://lnkd.in/eh_rNRyt
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In all programming languages we use comments to explain the code or to identify the specific block of ode easily. **The compilers do not compile the commented code**. With respect to the language the syntax of the single line and multi line comments is different. Similarly in Dart programming language we use comments. The syntax of the comments in dart programming language is very easy. When we write a lot of code then it becomes difficult to find a specific code according to their working. So we use comments to specify the code with respect to their function. Sometimes if we do not need a specific block of code at the moment then we can also comment that code and the compiler will not execute that code. **Syntax of Comments in Dart Programming Language** There are two types of comments in Dart programming language. * Single Line Comments * Multi Line Comments **Single Line Comments:** As from the name we can guess that this is a comment which is used to comment a single line of code or any simple text. If we want to comment a single line of code in the dart programming language then we have to use two forward slashes `"//"` at the start of the line. It will comment out that line and the compiler will not compile that commented line of code. **Multi Line Comments:** If we want to comment more than one line of code then we use multi line comment option. It is also very simple and easy. We use a forward slash and star "`/*"` at the start of the first line from where we want to start commenting and similarly we use a star and forward slash `"*/"`at the end of the line where we want to end the comment. All the lines between these points will be commented and the compiler will not compile them. Fore more detailed information go through this article: https://lnkd.in/ds82g2zM #dart #flutter #programming #comments #comments_in_dart
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Programming languages are basic element. Software libraries are language extension since introduces new words. Each project builds small universe, space - where words lives. Each developer builds own libraries - extends language with own constructs. So chosen programming language plays quite small role. Main building is done with project introduced words. From my opinion - better is try avoid using of standard libraries for long term. Instead develop own basic elements and abstractions. And project itself is set of text files containing language elements-expressions. Text files are used because we can read, write, print, compare, edit and interpret by compiler or executor. And software project can become very big, complex and hard to maintain. For this reason new languages are developed with hope to do this better. And I also have fresh idea about new language. We need introduce code layers. Layers like Photoshop, Illustrator or Paint.NET image layers. At one layer we could write basic logic. At next layer error checking. Additional layer for assurance of correct parameters, layer for memory management, object life cycle... And editor could show or hide layers, put breakpoints, separately stored in source control system. Idea is not very new. HTML and CSS, JavaScript files also is attempt divide project in to layers. C++ include files, preprocessor definitions - also are layers. Programming comments also are some sort of layer. But we need developer defined layers according to project structure, not only language implementation. Enable-disable execution of some layers while debugging. Program description, project documentation, user manuals... also are layers. And all layers needs to be synchronized, shown, hidden, checked, corrected somehow by IDE. Language is way how to organize all such layers.
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🚀 Meet the Visionaries Behind Popular Programming Languages Behind every powerful programming language, there is a brilliant mind that shaped the future of technology. These pioneers laid the foundation of modern software development, web technologies, and computer science as we know it today. 👨💻 Creators Who Changed the Tech World: Dennis Ritchie — C Bjarne Stroustrup — C++ Anders Hejlsberg — C# James Gosling — Java Brendan Eich — JavaScript Rasmus Lerdorf — PHP Yukihiro Matsumoto — Ruby Guido van Rossum — Python Larry Wall — Perl ✨ From system-level programming to web and AI, these languages power billions of applications worldwide. Their creators didn’t just write code — they built the backbone of modern technology. #Programming #Coding #Developers #ComputerScience #SoftwareEngineering #TechHistory #ProgrammingLanguages #LearnToCode #Python #Java #JavaScript #Cplusplus #CSharp #PHP #Ruby #OpenSource
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For the past six months, I have been developing my own programming language. It is finally at the point where I can share it! Group18 (g18) is a strongly-typed educational programming language and compiler written in Rust that compiles directly to x86-64 assembly as well as WebAssembly. I’ve open-sourced the compiler and built an online playground where you can write code (and view some pre-made programs) and see the generated output. Go check it out here: https://lnkd.in/gMuAazt4 (possible on mobile, but computer recommended). Check out the repo here if you want more technical info or want to install the language on your own machine: https://lnkd.in/gf7kDTQU The project implements the full compilation pipeline end-to-end: lexing, parsing, AST construction, type checking, and native code generation. The language uses a simple C-like syntax with functions, control flow, arrays, and a strong static type system. It gets its name from the 18th group of the periodic table, the noble gases, which are extremely stable and useful! This project represents a massive undertaking and effort, but I am proud of the progress so far. Jonathan Weinberger and Alexander Kurz deserve a great deal of credit for motivating me to further develop this and for providing helpful resources, so thank you! Feedback and contributions welcome!
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This is the number of questions asked on Stack Overflow. Take a look at 2024 and 2025. Yes - it drops to nearly ZERO. This single image shows a tectonic shift in how development works today. There are three possible explanations: > The data is wrong > Developers suddenly stopped asking questions (they didn’t) > LLMs are now handling most of the work for them When I was at school, I learned low-level programming (Turbo Assembler back then). Today, you almost never touch that layer. In the vast majority of real-world tasks, you don’t need to understand how the machine works internally - you operate at a much higher level. Most of my projects are written in TypeScript, JavaScript, Python. You don’t think in instructions anymore - you think in packages, APIs, and abstractions. This graph tells me that eventually you won’t even need to know programming languages at all. You’ll work with high-level concepts, and programming will look like plain English (or any other human language).
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Stack overflow is indeed dead but it seems like this article, many others, and all the commenters are missing the main points: 1. New LLM learners (most of us in some domains) don’t know they should focus on understanding over building. What questions should they be asking to prioritise learning? 2. Everyone now relies on LLMs they effectively need to pay for to both learn how to code and code effectively. What does the learning path look like for those without access? I would like to see articles on: 1. How LLM learners phrase their line of questioning so they can learn the trade offs between different solutions and pick the best one. 2. How tool authors can provide MCP servers and a learning experience that helps their users learn best practices — without relying on proprietary software. 3. Learning how to write efficient and maintainable code in an accelerated LLM world where learning seems optional. 4. Leadership principles on how to coach teams on how to build quality resilient and maintainable software while learning and teaching each other why it is quality resilient and maintainable. My thesis in all four would be: When writing code to be used by other people, prioritising learning over doing is almost always the best path forward.
This is the number of questions asked on Stack Overflow. Take a look at 2024 and 2025. Yes - it drops to nearly ZERO. This single image shows a tectonic shift in how development works today. There are three possible explanations: > The data is wrong > Developers suddenly stopped asking questions (they didn’t) > LLMs are now handling most of the work for them When I was at school, I learned low-level programming (Turbo Assembler back then). Today, you almost never touch that layer. In the vast majority of real-world tasks, you don’t need to understand how the machine works internally - you operate at a much higher level. Most of my projects are written in TypeScript, JavaScript, Python. You don’t think in instructions anymore - you think in packages, APIs, and abstractions. This graph tells me that eventually you won’t even need to know programming languages at all. You’ll work with high-level concepts, and programming will look like plain English (or any other human language).
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