Optimize Spark Performance with Pandas UDFs Over Python UDFs

Have you ever wondered why Pandas UDFs are used over Python UDFs? PySpark UDFs are written in Python, but Spark itself runs on the JVM. Because of this, Python UDFs run in a separate Python process. Data needs to move from: JVM 👉Python 👉 JVM This causes: 🥹 No proper parallel execution 📊 Extra data movement 📉 Row by row processing 😮💨 As a result, Spark cannot fully use: Catalyst optimizer Tungsten execution engine 💀This leads to slower performance and higher overhead. 🤔 What if row by row processing is done in batches? 🎉 Yes, that's possible This approach is called vectorized execution.Instead of processing one row at a time, data is processed in small batches. This is supported by Pandas UDFs. 😎 Pandas UDFs: Process data in batches Use Apache Arrow for fast data transfer Significantly reduce data movement between JVM and Python 💯 Best Practices 1️⃣ Use Spark built-in functions whenever possible (They are fully optimized and run faster) 2️⃣ Use Pandas UDFs only when Spark functions cannot solve the problem 3️⃣ Avoid Python UDFs as much as possible #spark #sparkoptimization #python #dataengineering

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